On the reform of the personnel training mode of forensic medical undergraduates / 中华医学教育探索杂志

There are many problems in the training mode of traditional forensic undergraduates, such as the lag of curriculum setting, the lack of interdisciplinary and the lack of practical training. Based on the teaching practice of forensic undergraduates in Central South University, this study puts forward the following four reform schemes: ①advancing the setting of forensic medicine curriculum to strengthen the integration of specialized courses with basic medicine and clinical medicine courses; ②increasing related courses to intensify interdisciplinary teaching; ③introducing online teaching mode of virtual simulation to enrich the content of undergraduate forensic medical education; ④expanding the scope of joint classroom teaching inside and outside the school to realize the two-way rapid update of practical and theoretical resources. The purpose of this paper is to provide new ideas and directions for training forensic talents who are more suitable for the development of the times.

Flexible dilatation combined with topical betamethasone cream in treatment of child phimosis / 中华全科医师杂志

Two hundred and twenty five children aged 4-12 years with phimosis were treated by flexible dilatation combined with topical betamethasone cream from January 2003 to January 2015.Two hundred and eight cases (92.44％) were completely cured and penile edema and urination were returned to normal 7 d after a single operation;while,17 children received 2-3 additional flexible expansion.During follow-up of 2-24 months,221 children achieved the cure standards with an overall cure rate of 98.22％.Flexible dilatation combined with topical betamethasone cream is effective modality for phimosis in children,with less surgical trauma and low complication rate.

Genetic Polymorphisms of 21 STR Loci in Hunan Province-based Han Population / 法医学杂志

ObjectiveTo investigate the genetic polymorphisms of 21 short tandem repeat(STR)loci (D3S1358, D13S317, D7S820, D16S539, Penta E, D2S441, TPOX, TH01, D2S1338, CSF1PO, Penta D, D10S1248, D19S433, vWA, D21S11, D18S51, D6S1043, D8S1179, D5S818, D12S391 and FGA). Methods A total of 560 blood samples were collected from unrelated healthy individuals of Han population in Hunan Province. Chelex-100 extraction method was applied to the extraction of genomic DNA, and an AGCU EX22 Kit and 9700 STR amplification was used in amplification reactions. The products were separated and analyzed on 310 Genetic Analyzer.ResultsA total of 248 alleles were observed, the al-lelic frequencies ranging from 0.001 to 0.518. Observation of genotype distributions for each locus showed no deviations from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium exceptPentaE(P=0.023). The combined pow-er of discrimination, combined power of exclusion, and combined matching probability of the 21 STR loci were approximately 0.999 999 999 999 999 999 999 999 8, 0.999 999 998, and 1.36×10-25, respectively. ConclusionThe 21 STR loci show high polymorphisms in the Han population, which can provide valu-able data and a theoretical basis for forensic individual identification and paternity testing.

Rhytidectomy by multi-method joint application of W incisions in temporal hair line / 中华医学美学美容杂志

Objective To introduce an operative method of rhytidectomy with W-incision and fewer complications for facial rejuvenation.Methods A total of 84 patients were treated with rhytidectomy by multi-methods and followed up from January 2007 to December 2012.The rhytidectomy was done along the temporal hairline edge through the combined procedures,including sharp and blunt separation,liposuction and filling with autologous fat,tighting and fixing the fascial flap of superficial musculoaponeurotic system,as well as the suspension of the zygomatic cheek fiber fat pad.Results Follow-up for 3 moths to 2 years after surgery in 84 patients showed that the wound was healing with good concealment and without complications such as facial nerve injury or local uneven.All the cases achieved good results in facelift with high satisfaction rate after the combined operations.Conclusions This combined rhytidectomy is safe,effective,simple and easy.And it is a good and ideal approach of facial rejuvenation worthy of clinical application.

Genetic Polymorphism of Nine Non-CODIS STR Loci in Hu-nan Province-based Chinese Han Population / 法医学杂志

Objective To determine the allelic frequency distribution and genetic parameters of nine non-CODIS DNA index systems of the short tandemrepeat (STR ) loci (D2S1772, D6S1043, D7S3048, D8S1132, D11S2368, D12S391, D13S325, D18S1364, and GATA198B05). Methods A total of 353 blood samples were collected, extracted, amplified, and analyzed fromunrelated healthy individuals of Han na-tionality in Hunan Province, China. Results O ne hundred and fourteen alleles were observed in the pop-ulation with corresponding allelic frequencies ranged from0.001 0 to 0.323 0. For all the nine non-CODIS STR loci, the observed genotypic data showed no significant deviations fromthe Hardy-W einberg equi-librium. The Ho, He, PIC, D P, and PE of the studied non-CODIS STR loci ranged from0.108 0 to 0.195 0, 0.805 0 to 0.892 0, 0.770 0 to 0.860 0, 0.925 0 to 0.966 0 and 0.607 0 to 0.780 0, respectively. Conclusion N ine non-CODIS STR loci have high degrees of polymorphisms, which may be useful in in-dividual forensic identification and parentage testing in forensic practice.

The application of delayed skin grafting combined traction in severe joint cicatricial contracture / 中华整形外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of delayed skin grafting combined traction in severe joint cicatricial contracture.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>At the first stage, the joint cicatricial contracture was released completely with protection of vessels, nerves and tendons. The wound was covered with allogenetic skin or biomaterials. After skin traction for 7-14 days, the joint could reach the extension position. Then the skin graft was performed on the wound. 25 cases were treated from Mar. 2000 to May. 2013.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Primary healing was achieved at the second stage in all the cases. The skin graft had a satisfactory color and elasticity. Joint function was normal. All the patients were followed up for 3 months to 11 years with no hypertrophic scar and contraction relapse, except for one case who didn' t have enough active exercise on shoulder joint.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Delayed skin grafting combined traction can effectively increase the skin graft survival rate and improve the joint function recovery.</p>

Identification of common Sarcophagidae by short cytochrome oxidase I fragment / 中南大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To identify the common Sarcophagidae with a 278 bp fragment of cytochrome oxidase I in mitochondrial DNA and to obtain an unambiguous and rapid identification method for Sarcophagidae in forensic investigations.@*METHODS@#Nineteen Sarcosaprophagous flies were collected from 16 locations in 12 Chinese provinces. All specimens were comprised of 4 species. The mtDNA of flies was extracted with SDSPK extraction method. Polymerase chain reaction was conducted in an Eppendorf 5331 thermal cycler. The PCR products were purified and sequenced and the obtained sequences were uploaded to GenBank. A neighbor-joining tree was constructed with MEGA4.0 package.@*RESULTS@#The 19 Sarcosaprophagous flies were well clustered. The intraspecific variation within species varied from 0% to 3%, while the interspecific variations between species varied from 8% to 12%.@*CONCLUSION@#Congeneric species can be separated by the short fragment (278 bp region in the cytochrome oxidase subunit I gene), which will be instrumental for implementation of the Chinese Sarcophagidae database and lay a foundation for post mortem interval estimation in future forensic cases.

Construction and function of forensic interest group for medical students of eight-year-program / 中华医学教育探索杂志

The aim of the eight year medical education program is to cultivate high-leveled and high qualified clinical and research personnel.Constructing forensic interest group for medical students of eight year program can not only cultivate the students' English learning,innovative thinking and practice ability,which is their Achilles heel but also combine eight year medical education with forensic science teaching reform.

To investigate the role of forensic science in 8-year-program medical education / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Eight-year-system medical education is a kind of elite education. The object of this education model is to train medical personnel with medical doctorate. Forensic science is a highly practical medical discipline, closely related with the clinical medicine. This paper performs some explorations of the role of forensic science in 8-year-program medical education. Eight-year-program medical education should be combined with the high practicality of forensic science. For the Eight-year-program students, we should focus on cultivating their creative ability, practical ability, and sense of self-protection.

Sequencing of mitochondrial DNA cytochrome oxidase subunit I gene in sarcosaphagous flies from 14 provinces in China / 中南大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To detect the 278 bp region of gene of the cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) in mitochondral DNA (mtDNA) of sarcosaphagous flies, identify the species of sarcosaphagous flies, and provide reference for forensic application.@*METHODS@#Samples were collected in Baotou and Chifeng of Inner Mongolia, Tianjin, Nanning, Fuzhou, Linyi of Shandong, Shijiazhuang, Yinchuan, Lanzhou, Huairou of Beijing, Xinxiang and Nanyang of Henan, Datong of Shanxi, Wuhu of Anhui, Quzhou of Zhejiang, Changsha, Zhuzhou and Yongzhou of Hunan. A total of 38 flies were randomly collected from rabbits, dogs and pigs which were set outdoors, then the flies' mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) were extracted by the improved small insects DNA homogenate method. Amplification was conducted by Perkin-Elmer 9600 thermal cycler, then vertical non-denaturing 7% polyacrylamide gelectrophoresis. PCR products were purified using the nucleic acid purification kit. Sequences of both strands were obtained by direct sequence of the double-stranded PCR product using one of the PCR primers and the ABI PRISM big dye terminator cycle sequencing dit. Sequence reactions were electrophorsed on ABI Model 3730 DNA Sequencers. A UPGMA tree was contrasted using the maximum composite likelihood method in MEGA4.@*RESULTS@#The 38 sarcosaphagous flies belonged to 3 families(Muscidae, Calliphoridae, and Sarcophagidae), 10 genuses (Musca Linnaeus, Hydrotaea Robineau-Desvoidy, Aldrichina Townsend, Hemipyrellia Townsend, Achoetandrus Bezzi, Protophormia Townsend, Chrysomya Robineau-Desvoidy, Lucilia Robineau-Desvoidy, Helicophagella Enderlein, and Boettcherisca Rohdendorf), and 12 species [Musca domestica (Linnaeus), Hydrotaea (Ophyra) capensis (Wiedemann), Lucilia caesar (Linnaeus), Lucilia illustris (Meigen), Aldrichina graham (Aldrich), Hemipyrellia ligurriens, Achoetandrus (Chrysomya) rufifacies (Macquary), Protophormia terraenovae (Robineau-Desvoidy), Chrysomya megacephala (Fabricius), Lucilia sericata (Meigen), Helicophagella melanura (Meigen), and Boettcherisca peregrine (Robineau-Desvoidy)].@*CONCLUSION@#The genus of the sarcosaphagous flies can be identified by 278 bp gene sequence analysis of CO I in mtDNA. This method is rapid, convenient and precise.

The statin dosage for achieving goal of cholesterol-lowering based on risk stratification in patients with ischemic cerebrovascular diseases / 中华内科杂志

Objective To explore statin dosages for targeting goal of LDL-C lowering on the basis of stroke risk stratification and the dosage-effective relation of statin and LDL-C lowering in Chinese patients with ischemic stroke and transient ischemic attack (TIA).Methods This is a prospective and open clinical trial patients with ischemic stroke/TIA within 6 months were enrolled and the dosages of atorvastatin were calculated based on risk stratification according to "Chinese Consensus for Prevention of Ischemic Stroke/TIA with Statin" (Chinese Consensus).A dose of 10 mg of atorvastatin daily to target LDL-C goal was takenas the standard dosage targeting goal (SDTG).Patients taking this dosage of atorvastatin constituted a SDTG group.Those who needed a daily dose of 20 mg or more of atorvastatin were randomized into an intensive dosage targeting goal (IDTG) group ( atorvastatin 20-80 mg/d) and a standard dosage non-targeting goal (SDNTG) group (atorvastatin 10 mg/d without targeting goal).All patients took atorvastatin for 12 weeks.The primary outcome was the rate of targeting goal for LDL-C lowering at 2,4 and 12 weeks,respectively and the secondary outcome was the occurence of recurrent stroke and other vascular events within 12 weeks.The main safety endpoint was serial adverse events including symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage.Results Altogether 102 cases were enrolled and 99 cases were followed up for 12 weeks.According to the Chinese Consensus,the rate of high risk,very high risk- Ⅰ and very high risk- Ⅱ was 44% ,28% and 28%,respectively.Targeting rate for LDL-C lowering was 77% -85% at each time point in the SDTG and IDTG groups ,being significantly higher than those in the SDNTG group ( 12% -16%,P < 0.01 ).No significant difference was found concerning the occurrence of recurrent stroke,other vascular events and safety endpoints among the three groups.The amplitude of LDL-C lowering was 32%-35% ,46%-49% ,51%-52% and 60%-65% with corresponding to daily dosage of 10 mg,20 mg,d0 mg and 80 mg atorvastatin.Conclusions At least more than half of the patients after iscbemic stroke/TIA need intensive statin therapy to target the LDL-C lowering goal.The dosage- effective relation of atorvastatin and LDL-C lowering in Chinese is similar to the reported data in other races.

Determination of the Content of Gentamycin Sulfate C Component in Medicinal Albumin Gel by HPLC / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To establish a HPLC method for the determination of gentamycin sulfate C component in medicinal albumin gel. METHODS: Samples was separated on Agilent ZORBAX Eclipse XDB-C8 at a column temperature of 26℃. The mobile phase was methanol-acetic acid-water (70∶5∶25, added with 0.02mol?L-1 sodium heptanesulfonate solution) for gradient elution at a flow rate of 1.0mL?min-1. The detection wavelength was set at 330nm. RESULTS: Baseline separation of gentamycin sulfate C component in medicinal albumin gel was achieved. The linear range of gentamycin sulfate C component was 0.26?g～6.50?g and its average recovery rate was 90.0%, RSD=0.43%, the lowest limit of detection was 0.368ng. CONCLUSION: The method was proved to be simple, accurate and reliable, and suitable for the content determination of gentamycin sulfate C component in related preparations.

Identification of Scutellaria amoena CH Wright and Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi with HPLC Finger-prints / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To identify different origin of Scutellaria amoena CH Wright and Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi indexed in China Pharmacopeia by HPLC fingerprints.METHODS:RP-HPLC method was adopted in which the samples were separated on Zorbax SB-C18(250mm?4.6mm,5?m)column at a column temperature of 30℃.The gradient elution was performed on the mobile phase which consisted of acetonitrile(contairing 1.0% methanoic acid)-water(containing 1.0% methanoic acid)at a flow rate of 1.0mL?min-1.The detection wavelength was set at 274nm.RESULTS:The fingerprints of Scutellaria amoena CH Wright that from different places were of great resemblance,so were the fingerprints between Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi that from different places,but the fingerprints between Scutellaria amoena CH Wright and Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi were of significant difference,with resemblance of only 0.859.CONCLUSION:The RP-HPLC fingerprint serves as basis for the further study of the quality criteria of Scutellaria amoena CH Wright and Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi.

Chemical constituents of flavonoids in Lysimachia clethroide / 中成药

AIM:To study the chemical constituents of Lysimachia clethroide Duby. METHODS:Chromatographic techniques,including MS and NMR,were used to isolate and purify the constituents based on column chromatography separation on silica gel,Sephadex LH-20 and Semipreparative RP-HPLC. RESULTS:Eleven flavonoids were obtained and elucidated as: kaempferol (1),kaempferol 3-O-?-D-glucopyranoside (2),kaempferol 3-O-?-D-galactoside (3),kaempferol 3-O-?-D-(6″-p-coumaroyl)-glucopyranoside (4),quercetin (5),Isorhamnetin (6) ,quercetin 3-O-?-D-galactoside (7),quercetin 3′-methoxy-3-O-?-D-galactoside (8),quercetin 3-O-?-D-(6″-p-coumaroyl)-galactoside (9),4′-methoxy-5,6-dihydroxyisoflavone-7-O-?-D-glucopyranoside (10),7-O-glucosyl liquiritigenin (11). CONCLUSION: Compounds 3,6 were isolated from this plant and compounds 8-11 were isolated from this genus for the first time.

Determination of the Inorganic Elements in Amomum Villosum Lour with AAs / 昆明医科大学学报

The determination of the inorganic elements in Amomum villosum lour with AAS and AES is reported in the paper. We have also measured the recovery rate(%) and precision (CV%) of Mn, Fe, Zn and Cu, which are 81-101 and 1.7-2.7 respectively.

Determination of Trace Elements and their Released Rates of Teas with Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry / 昆明医科大学学报

The present paper reports the determination of the contents of Cu,Zn,Mn,Fe,Cr in three kinds of teas of Yunnan and their released rates with Flame AAS.Released rates of Cu, Zn,Mn,Fe in Black Tea and Green Tea are higher than those of Tuo Tea,while relesed rate of Cr is similar to that of Tuo Tea.